Circulating anti-HLA antibodies bind to respective HLA antigens on the transplanted kidney. This immunologic response includes activation of the complement system, leading to renal vascular damage and graft dysfunction, causing histological changes in the kidney, altering renal function. Associated with only moderate to poor response to treatment with acute and chronic graft dysfunction and loss.
Purrarajappa, C., Shapiro, R. & Tan, H.P. (2012). Antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplantation: A review. Journal of Transplantation,
doi:10.1155/2012/193724. Retrieved
from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtrans/2012/193724/