Vascular and occurring in patients with CKD. Unique features include (tunica media) arterial calcification with mural calcification of small vessels. Calcification of surrounding fat tissue and vascular fibrosis may be present. Tissue ischemia results from the vascular thromboses and soft tissue calcification. may include characteristic purplish, asymmetrical cutaneous lesions that become necrotic. Systemic, organ involvement is possible to include kidney, adrenal glands, stomach, lungs and heart - may be referred to as "stone heart." The prevalence may approach 4% while the incidence is approximately 1% per year. Predisposing factors include diabetes, and hypoalbuminemia associated with chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypertension, hypervitaminosis D, and milk-alkali syndrome. May be referred to as calcemic uremic arteriolopathy (CUA), uremic gangrene syndrome, metastatic calcification, and uremic small vessel disease.
Beitz, J.M (2003). Calciphylaxis: A case study with differential diagnosis. Ostomy Wound Management, 49 (3), 28-38.
Carter, T., & Ratnam, S. (2013). Calciphylaxis: A devastating complication of derangements of -phosphorous metabolism - A case report and review of the literature. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 40 (5), 431-435. Available at: http://www.prolibraries.com/anna/?select=session&sessionID=2842
Kettler, M., Biggar, P.H., Brandenburg, V.M., Schlieper, G., Westenfeld, R., & Floege, J. (2007). Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapy of calciphylaxis. Deutsch Aerztablatt, 104 (50), A3481-A3485.
Parker, R.W., Mourton, S.P., Young, D.W., & Espinosa, D.V. (2003). Early recognition and treatment of calciphylaxis. Case report. Southern Medical Journal, 96 (1), 53-55.