Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the abnormalities of kidney structure or function that is present for more than 3 months with implications for health and is classified based on cause, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) category, and albuminuria category. CKD criteria are met if one or more markers of kidney damage and decrease GFR are present for more than 3 months. Markers of kidney damage include albuminuria (AER equal to or greater than 30 mg/24 hours; ACR equal to or greater than 30 mg/g [greater than or equal to 3 mg/mmol]), urine sediment abnormalities, electrolyte and other abnormalities due to tubular disorders, abnormalities detected by histology, structural abnormalities detected by imaging and history of kidney transplantation. A GFR less than 60 ml/ min/ 1.73 m² constitutes a decrease.
Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). (2013). KDIGO 2012 Clinical practice guideline for evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney International Supplements, 3 (1), 1-150.